Open Access

This article explores Swiss-Chinese economic entanglements since the 1970s. First, we show how China opened its economy to foreign direct investment (FDI), with Switzerland as a pioneer for Joint Ventures (JVs) in China (1970s–2000s). Second, we outline how Chinese technologies spread abroad, focusing on Chinese telecommunication companies in Switzerland (2000s–2020s). Representatives from the Swiss companies envisioned immense market opportunities in China. Their Chinese counterparts saw JVs as an opportunity to integrate into the world’s production system and acquire technological know-how as well as foreign currency. Building on and further developing this knowledge has enabled Chinese companies such as Huawei to become global market leaders. Technologies and investments are now making their way back to Europe, although not without contestation. In order to better understand Sino-Swiss and other global economic interactions, we need to creatively combine historical and ethnographic methods. This approach highlights the motivations and debates at both the giving and receiving ends, and how they change over time, thereby challenging one-sided narratives of Western and Chinese global capital flows and technology acquisitions.